![]() The frequency and severity of turbulence generally increases with the radar reflectivity which is closely associated with the areas of highest liquid water content of the storm.Weather radar, airborne or ground based, will normally reflect the areas of moderate to heavy precipitation (radar does not detect turbulence).This distance decreases to about 10 miles in less severe storms.Severe turbulence can be expected up to 20 miles from severe thunderstorms. ![]() The visible thunderstorm cloud is only a portion of a turbulent system whose updrafts and downdrafts often extend far beyond the visible storm cloud.There is no useful correlation between the external visual appearance of thunderstorms and the severity or amount of turbulence or hail within them.While there is some evidence that maximum turbulence exists at the middle level of a thunderstorm, recent studies show little variation of turbulence intensity with altitude.Turbulence, hail, rain, snow, lightning, sustained updrafts and downdrafts, icing conditions-all are present in thunderstorms.AFSS/FSS: EXTREME precipitation two zero miles west of Atlanta V-O-R, two five miles wide, moving east at two zero knots, tops flight level three niner zero.".Precipitation area is two five miles in diameter." ATC: " EXTREME precipitation between ten o'clock and two o'clock, one five miles.In the winter months, snowfall can occasionally take place in a thunderstorm.Cumulus clouds often associated with a calm sunny day can quickly build into a threat to pilots who may find themselves entering a growingly convective environment.
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